Posts Tagged ‘nearsigtedness’

“Go Play Outside!” Study says that may cut kids’ risks for nearsightedness in half.

Sunday, August 19th, 2012
random summer 2012 025 300x225 Go Play Outside!  Study says that may cut kids risks for nearsightedness in half.

7-month Parker Beach playing outdoors & decreasing his risk for myopia

With increases in childhood obesity and diabetes, there has been a big public awareness effort to get kids outdoors.    A little less time playing video games or watching television and a little more time exercising can help keep children healthy through their important developmental years.   But a recent study says that being outdoors may also provide a huge benefit to a child’s vision.

Well over 10,000 children were followed in a study that concluded being outdoors could significantly reduce a child’s likelihood of developing myopia, or nearsightedness.   Children who spent a “high” amount of time outdoors were up to 50% less likely to develop nearsightedness over time. A “high” amount of time was defined as at least 3 hours outdoors a day during the summer and 1 hour a day in the winter.

The interesting aspect of the study is that it may actually be the outdoor light, rather than the specific activity, which reduces the risk of nearsightedness.   While further study is needed, researchers theorize that the increased duration of outdoor light may stimulate dopamine production in the eye  to reduce the development of nearsightedness.

Given this was such a large study with a very significant conclusion, it’s clear that your child’s vision could benefit by playing outdoors.   The risk for nearsightedness could be greatly reduced, as well as the likelihood they would need glasses or contact lenses.    But don’t forget UV-blocking sunglasses when outdoors!

As always, I’d love to hear your comments or questions. Give us a shout over on Facebook or on Google+. And, remember, you can now request your annual eye exam appointment at our office by clicking here.

Dr. Beach.

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Facebook Fan Submitted Topic #3: Nearsightedness vs. Farsightedness

Thursday, May 20th, 2010

We asked for suggestions from our Facebook fans for blog posts and we got some great responses.   This is the third of  5 posts on Dr.  Beach’s blog  to be based on these topics/questions.

Jessica, a CEC Facebook fan, asks:    “What is the difference between near/far sighted and whats the difference physically that makes a person one or the other?

Great question.

Nearsightedness, also called Myopia, is when a person experiences blurred vision for far away distances and clear vision while reading up close.

Farsightedness, also called Hyperopia, is when a person experiences clear vision for far away distances and blurred vision while reading up close.  (some exceptions apply to hyperopia though)

I like to think about the visual system like a projector system at the movie theater.  In order for your vision to be clear, it needs to be focused directly on the retina which would be equivalent to the screen at the movie theater.   If the projector system overfocused, the image would be blurry.  If the projector system underfocused it would also be blurry.   The focus has to be just right.    People who don’t need glasses or contacts have visual systems which accurately focus images on the retina.

People with myopia, or farsightedness, essentially have a vision system that is overfocussed or too strong.   The image focus before the retina.    Why does this happen?    One possible reason is the the cornea on the front surface of the eye is too steep in curvature which makes it too strong.   Imagine someone sneaks into the projector room at the mNEARSIGHTEDNESS jpeg1 300x151 Facebook Fan Submitted Topic #3:  Nearsightedness vs. Farsightednessovie theater and turns the focussing knob to a much stronger setting.   The movie on the screen is now blurry.   Another reason for myopia is the eye may be too long.   Sounds strange, but the visual system of the eye is designed to focus at a certain distance between the cornea and the retina.   Imagine that same movie theater in which the engineers have designed a projector system focussed on a screen with a set distance.   But what if someone knocked out the back wall of the movie theater and moved the screen back 10 feet?   It would be blurry because now the projector is over-focused for this new longer screen distance.

Hyperopia, or farsightedness, is the exact opposite.    The visual system is essentially too weak and focuses images somewhere FARSIGHTENDNESS JPEG 300x150 Facebook Fan Submitted Topic #3:  Nearsightedness vs. Farsightednessbehind the retina instead of directly on the retina.    This may happen if the cornea curvature is too flat (too weak) or if the eye is too short.     Just to muddy the waters, if someone has a lot of hyperopia their far away vision can also be blurry….we’ll save that one for another blog post!

Jessica, thanks for the great question.   The human visual system is essentially physics in motion, which is pretty cool….of course I’m a little biased.

Dr. Beach.

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Study Finds that Bifocals May Slow Progression of Nearsightedness in Children

Tuesday, February 16th, 2010

Last month, I touched on a recent study that showed a drastic increase in the number of people with myopia (nearsightedness) over the last 30 years in the U.S.    Not only is the number of people with myopia a public health concern, but so is the progression or worsening of myopia experienced by some children throughout their developing years.

In my practice, it is pretty common to see children that need increasingly stronger and stronger prescriptions, and this process can be concerning and frustrating to both the child and parents.

That is why I’m very interested in a recent study published in The Archives of Ophthalmology that demonstrated the use of bifocals with prisms (and bifocals without prisms) significantly slowed the progression of myopia in children.

In the new study, researchers studied 135 Chinese Canadian children who were diagnosed with progressive myopia, meaning myopia that had worsened significantly over the previous year. The children, whose average age was 10, were assigned to wear either single-vision lenses, bifocals or bifocals with prism, a type of correction that is ground into lenses to help the eyes work together and enhance near vision.

After two years, researchers found the progression of myopia was most rapid among those who wore single-vision lenses. The slowest rate of progression was among children who wore prismatic bifocals — a 58% difference in the rate of progression compared to children wearing single-vision lenses. There was a 38% difference in the rate of progression between users of standard bifocals and users of single-vision lenses.

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Study Finds 66% Increase in Myopia in Americans aged 12-54 Years

Thursday, January 21st, 2010

A recent study in the Journal of Ophthalmology compared the incidence of myopia (near-sightedness) from the early 1970′s to 2004.   The researchers found a 66% increase in myopia over that 30 year time frame.  A 66% increase!   I get a little bored with statistics sometimes, but that is an amazing increase over such a short period of time.   The study goes on to say that in the early 1970′s, about 25% of Americans had myopia and that in 2004 that number was near 46%.

Unfortunately, the study was strictly observational and didn’t investigate the causes of this drastic increase.  There are many studies that conclude that myopia does have a genetic component.   Myopic parents are more likely to have myopic children.  But it’s impossible to predict the presence or degree of myopia in children based on the parent’s prescriptions.

We also know, through a number of studies, that environmental conditions play a role in the development of myopia.  “Law school myopia” is a term that is used often.   It relates to a famous study that showed law school students had a significant increase in myopia at graduation compared to their first day of graduate school.  This increase, which isn’t exclusive to law school students, was attributed to the rigorous visual demands that extensive reading can place on a person’s visual system.   When a person is reading, accommodation muscles are contracted to allow the eye to focus at close distances.   accom Study Finds 66% Increase in Myopia in Americans aged 12 54 Years

Having those muscles contracted for long periods of time will restrict their ability to relax and can translate into in an increase in near sightedness.   Imagine you contract your bicep at full strength for two hours and then try to relax it….you most likely will not be able to move your arm back into its normal position.   For some individuals, this may happen with their accommodation or near-focusing muscles.

Does the dramatic increase in computer use in modern times account for some of this myopia increase?    More detailed studies on the causative factors will be needed.  But, using the computer does require the same accommodation muscles that are seen in “law school myopia.”   Obviously, we can’t stop using the computer or reading or studying.  But there are some other things that can help.

Taking breaks from up-close visual tasks is key.  Every 15-20 minutes look up from the reading material or computer and look at something far away—maybe a clock or a poster or painting.   Allowing your eyes, for at least 30 seconds, to focus on that target at a distance will relax those accommodation  muscles.

Still, the study is surprising.  And hopefully it will trigger more studies on the causes for such a dramatic increase in myopia in the U.S.

As always, I’d love to hear your comments or questions.  Give us a shout over on Facebook or on Google+.    And, remember, you can now request an appointment for your annual eye exam  at our office by clicking here.

Best wishes,

Dr. Beach.

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